AAABG AAABG: Helen Newton Turner Medal Citations


AAABG: Helen Newton Turner Medal Citations


1994 Helen Newton Turner Medal Recipient - J. W. James

Professor James is regarded as Australia's leading scientist in quantitative genetics and the theory of genetic improvement. Professor James' contributions have been made in several areas - through his research, his teaching and professorial activities, and involvement with the industry in Australia and overseas.

The contributions by Professor James are substantially larger than most appreciate. The range of new theory he has produced, its high relevance to the design of modern genetic improvement programs and the impact of this work on moulding our approaches to how greater genetic improvement can be achieved in practice, have been very substantial.

Professor James' work will become even more important in the future as we strive to improve the production of food and Australia's position in the global marketplace.


1995 Helen Newton Turner Medal Recipient - L. R. Piper

Professor Piper is a geneticist who has been concerned with improving sheep productivity in the wool industry for the past 30 years. Professor Piper's contributions have been made in several areas - through his research, involvement with the industry in Australia and overseas, and achievements as a research manager.

Dr Piper has established an outstanding reputation nationally and internationally in the field of quantitative genetics and sheep breeding. His extensive studies have contributed substantially to a comprehensive description of the genetic and phenotypic relationships among the principal traits of economic importance in the Australian Merino.

These studies have made a significant contribution to the development of national breeding programs for improving economic performance in wool and meat producing sheep. Their value has been recognised by invitations to present keynote addresses at national and international animal breeding meetings and by continuing requests for consultancy advice at both national and international levels.

During the period since July 1988, Dr Piper's activities have increasingly been focussed on research management. In his role as Manager of the Sheep Breeding Program, he has provided outstanding research leadership and has become a highly valued and effective member of the senior management team.

Of special significance has been Dr Piper's involvement in the successful bid to establish a CRC for Premium Quality Wool. In February 1992, a group of organisations met to consider the merits of mounting a bid for a CRC in the wool industry area. It was decided to proceed and Dr Piper was appointed as Coordinator of the Planning Committee, member of the Steering Group and Director designate of the proposed CRC.

The success of this bid was due to a concerted and high quality team effort over a nine month period. Dr Piper led the team and much of the credit for the eventual success of the bid was due to his skills as a leader and negotiator, and to his dedication to completing a complicated and difficult task in a truly professional manner.

Dr Piper's expertise and contributions to quantitative genetics and sheep breeding have been recognised by continuing invitations to present keynote addresses at national and international animal breeding meetings and by his election in 1990 to replace Dr Helen Newton Turner as the Australian representative on the permanent scientific committee of the World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production.

His expertise and reputation is also evidenced by continuing national and international requests for animal breeding consultancy advice by his membership of the WRDC Panel on Animal Production and Farm Management.

He has become a vitally important link between the Division of Animal Production and the ram breeding sector of the Merino sheep industry in Australia.


1997 Helen Newton Turner Medal Recipient - J. Litchfield

Mr Litchfield is the first practitioner to win this prestigious award. The previous two winners were both scientists - Professor John James and Dr Laurie Piper.

James Litchfield was educated at Tudor House and then King's School Parramatta, and graduated in 1944. After a short period in the Navy he worked as a jackaroo at Uardry Merino Stud in the Riverina. In 1949, he returned to the home property Hazeldean.

James Litchfield is an innovator and industry leader as reflected by the important roles played on various committees:

James' objective has always been the improvement of the genetic capacity of the stud flocks and, therefore, the flocks of clients. The breeding program has been based on the principles of population genetics and a management regime that encourages true expression of genetic differences of heritable traits governing the capacity to turn grass into dollars.

In the Merino stud, the selection strategy has for 40 years involved objectively measured traits of economic importance, while disregarding traits of cosmetic value only, to achieve maximum progress that is reflected in greater realised productivity and gross margins.

The Hazeldean Angus Stud was established in 1952. In 1954, James became directly involved in performance recording of the Merino Stud sheep at Hazeldean. In 1960, performance recording of the cattle enterprise was commenced with Hazeldean becoming a foundation member of a pilot scheme that led to the National Beef Recording Scheme in 1972 and which has since flourished, reflecting the persistence and example provided by James Litchfield. The Hazeldean herd has become one of the most successful Angus herds in Australia, with a reputation for a product that is sound and has reliable performance, that was achieved without reliance on show performance.

Hazeldean Merino Stud occupies a similar position of high repute to that of the Angus enterprise. James Litchfield served on the Council of the NSW Stud Merino Breeders' Association from 1965 to 1984 when he was appointed a Life Governor, being President of the Association from 1980 to 1982. He was also Foundation Co-President of the Australian Federation of Performance Breeders in the 1980s.

James is noted for being an outstanding Merino sheep breeder, blending with performance measurement his own special judgements concerning constitution and conformation. The outstanding performance of Hazeldean rams in sire evaluation schemes and of Hazeldean blood teams in wether trails reflects the success of James Litchfield's breeding program.

James Litchfield is a quiet achiever who has been recognised by a number of other awards, including the Howard Yelland Award for service to the beef industry in 1986, a NSW Agriculture Shield for services to agriculture in 1990, and the Wool Foundation Eliza Furlonge Medal for services to sheep breeding and science in 1992.


1998 Helen Newton Turner Medal Recipient - J. S. F. Barker

Professor Barker is one of the world's most prominent contributors to animal breeding. His contributions have been in research, teaching and industry leadership, and have been both national and international.

Professor Barker and his students have made many fundamental discoveries in animal breeding, including:

He has published 215 papers in these and related fields.

In 1993 he was awarded a prestigious ARC Senior Research Fellowship.

He is or has been on the editorial boards of 5 international journals.

As far as teaching is concerned, Stuart Barker has been the most influential trainer of animal breeders in Australia. Many of his students have attained prominence, including:

Professor Barker's involvement in industry affairs include providing leadership in animal breeding within Australia and worldwide. He ran a most prominent group at the University of Sydney from 1956-1979. Subsequently, he rejuvenated animal breeding at the University of New England from 1979-1993 as Head of the Department of Animal Science.

Professor Barker was Foundation President of the highly successful Australian Association of Animal Breeding and Genetics. Further, he is President of the Society for the Advancement of Breeding Research in Asia and Oceania, and has served as President of the Genetics Society of Australia.

He has had a prominent role in breed conservation efforts in south-east Asia and has been an invited member of the FAO/UNEP Expert Panel on Animal Genetics Resources Conservation and Management since 1983.

Professor Barker has been a member of a large number of Advisory and Expert Committees, as well as consultant to different animal breeding concerns.

Professor Barker is the most prominent figure in animal breeding in Australia, and is a major figure on the world stage. He is unquestionably a very fitting recipient of the Helen Newton Turner Medal for 1998.


1999 Helen Newton Turner Medal Recipient - C. W. Sandilands

Bill Sandilands is a Merino ram breeder from Kendenup in Western Australia. He is stud master of the Billandri Merino stud which was founded by Bill and his father in the 1960s. Bill maintains full pedigree and performance records on a 1000 ewe flock and sire pedigree and performance records on another 2000 ewes.

Bill is a leading proponent and user of quantitative genetics and performance sheep breeding in Western Australia. He was one of the first breeders to provide full performance details on all sale rams. A comprehensive list of performance records has been provided in the Billandri sale catalogue since their first on farm sale in 1982. Bill provides performance records on the whole flock, not just selected animals, at this on farm field days. Genetic trends and other benchmarks for the Billandri flock performance are also widely publicised at both on farm and off farm days.

Bill is active in a number of organisations representing the interests of Merino breeders. Bill is the current President of the Association for the Advancement of Animal Breeding and Genetics Inc (AAABG) and has been an active member of that organisation for more than 10 years. He is the current national president of The Federation of Performance Sheep Breeders, and a former president of the WA branch. Bill provides a valuable link with more traditional sheep breeding by his active membership of the Australian Association of Stud Merino Breeders (AASMB). He is a long time committee member of AASMB (WA) where he has championed the application of quantitative genetics and performance measurements to sheep breeding. He is a member of the committee of AASMB (WA) and chairman of its Scientific Committee. He is a member of the AASMB National Sire Evaluation Committee.

Billandri has been actively involved in showing sheep and fleeces at the Perth Royal Show and Wagin Woolarama, the two premier sheep shows in WA. He has won numerous ribbons at these events, demonstrating that performance breeding can result in attractive sheep and wool.

Bill is actively involved in the development and application of advances in quantitative genetics. He was a contributor to the pilot sire referencing scheme run at the Great Southern Agricultural Research Institute (GSARI) in the 1980s and a founding member and contributor to Yardstick, the WA sire evaluation through central progeny testing program. He strongly supports wether trials, both directly with his own wethers, and by encouraging his clients to enter.

He was a contributor to the Bred to Breed and Staple Strength projects run at the GSARI. The Bred to Breed project sourced ewes and rams with a known history of twinning from ram breeders to develop a highly selected flock with high reproductive potential which could then feed rams back into contributors own breeding programs. The Staple Strength Project was a joint project between industry and Agriculture Western Australia aimed at assessing the suitability of breeding for increased staple strength.

Bill is also a key participant in Nemesis, the national program developing breeding strategies for increasing resistance in sheep to internal parasites.

More than any other ram breeder in Western Australia, Bill has applied the developments in sheep breeding pioneered by Helen Newton Turner. His knowledge on the application of quantitative genetics and his ready involvement in its application make him unquestionably a very fitting recipient of the Helen Newton Turner Medal for 1999.


2001 Helen Newton Turner Medal Recipient - G. A. Carnaby

Garth Alan Carnaby was born in Wellington, New Zealand in 1950, and he completed his early education at Christchurch Boys' High School where he won the School Prize for Mathematics. In 1972 he graduated with a degree of Bachelor of Science in Textile Technology with First Class Honours from the University of New South Wales plus the award of the University Medal. He also won the Sir Robert Webster Prize and the J.B. Speakman Prize for his research project.

Soon he was awarded a further Wool Research Fellowship to study for a PhD supervised by Professor Grosberg at the University of Leeds. His thesis entitled "The Structural and Mechanical Properties of Wool Carpet Yarns" was presented in 1976. Subsequently, Dr Carnaby travelled to London to attend the Anniversary Dinner of the Worshipful Company of Woolmen to receive their Silver Medal for this research.

After this period of training he returned to the Wool Research Organisation of New Zealand to found a wide range of research projects involving the application of mathematics and physics to the New Zealand wool industry. Throughout this period as a full-time research scientist and technologist, the mechanics of fibrous structures based on wool remained a central theme.

With two Australian co-authors, Dr Carnaby brought together all of this research in the world's first text book on wool structures. This core of activity in basic research also stimulated a wide range of successful commercial innovations. These commercial developments and his basic research are described in 170 papers, articles, patents and reports. They have been the subject of his many travels to deliver invited lectures at International Symposia, including the Gordon and Mt Fuji Conferences and in the case of his technical developments, to license their manufacture in Europe.

Dr Carnaby's first invention arose from studies of yarn breakage on tufting machinery. Unable to improve the yarn strength he redesigned the tufting needles. In 1979 his patented new designs were licensed to the world's leading tufting needle manufacturer, Jos Zimmermann AG of West Germany. Nearly all wool carpet yarns are now tufted using these needles in many countries around the world.

Shortly afterwards Dr Carnaby and one of his assistants elucidated a previously discounted damage mechanism in wool fibres bent to high curvatures In loose stock-dyeing machines. The solution they found to this problem was to redesign the liquor control mechanism. This led to a further patented development marketed worldwide by WDI, the commercial arm of IWS together with dyeing machinery maker, Longclose of United Kingdom. This technology is now standard on all new wool dyeing machinery.

Dr Carnaby's applied research had a further impact on the New Zealand wool industry. In 1984 he began a series of collaborative projects with scientists in Japan to apply new technology for measuring the mechanical properties of fabrics. Dr Carnaby saw an opportunity to use this new technology to develop luxury tropical fabrics from New Zealand's coarse wools. These coarse wools had, until then, been thought only suitable for carpets. Two companies successfully launched the new fabrics in Japan under the trademark Tropical Wool™. Market success was followed by transfer of the technology by New Zealand Wool Board and IWS staff to other manufacturers in Japan, Korea and China.

Dr Carnaby continued to receive awards for his research. In 1982 he was awarded the E. R. Cooper Medal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. This award is given every two years to a New Zealand physicist or engineer for contributions to these disciplines over the previous five years. In 1986 he was awarded the Warner Memorial Medal of the Textile Institute in Manchester, the top award in the world given once per year for research achievement in any field of fibre and textile science. In 1990 Dr Carnaby was awarded a DSc by the University of New South Wales for his research to that date on "The Application of Mathematics and Physics to the Industrial Utilisation of the NZ Wool Clip". In the same year, at their 50th Anniversary Conference in Princeton, USA, he was presented with the Fibre Society Award for Distinguished Achievement in Fibre Science.

During his investigations Dr Carnaby has fostered collaboration with universities, research organisations, and industry. He was a Visiting Professor at the University of New South Wales in 1986 and again in 1990. He has taken a leading part in Textile Institute affairs being awarded a Fellowship in 1983. He was New Zealand Section Chairman in 1983-94, and in 1994 became World Vice President at the annual meeting in Nottingham. He was elected a Fellow of the New Zealand Institute of Physics in 1986. In 1992 Dr Carnaby was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand. In 1995 Dr Carnaby was invited by the Minister of Science in New Zealand to join the foundation Marsden Fund Committee. Dr Carnaby chaired the subcommittee which deliberates across the fields of physics, chemistry and engineering topics. In 1995 Dr Carnaby was awarded an honorary DSc from De Montfort University based in Leicester, the centre of the United Kingdom's knitting industry.

On 1 August 1992 Dr Carnaby was appointed Managing Director of the Wool Research Organisation of New Zealand (WRONZ) and of WRONZ Developments Limited. As it diversifies now both globally and into other national industries, WRONZ promises to become one of the principal national R&D enterprises of New Zealand. Despite the problems with the wool industry and the Producer Boards in New Zealand, WRONZ has decoupled its own fortunes from local constraints, emerged as a dominant global player in its field, and is continuing to grow strongly.

In 1997 Dr Carnaby was awarded the Textile Institute's oldest award, The Institute Medal, given for professional achievement in any field related to textiles. At 51, he is the only person still working to hold both the Warner (for science and research) and Institute Medals concurrently. In 2000, at a Parliamentary lunch at the House of Lords, he was appointed World President of the Textile Institute (for a two year term), the first New Zealander to hold this office.